Quail (2024)

Quail (1)

The most commonly farmed species of quail is the Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica). They were domesticated around the 11th century in Japan, and originally kept as song birds. In the 1950s, they were brought to Europe and are now bred for their meat and eggs. Quail are the smallest farmed bird, some weighing as little as 100g when fully grown.

There are around 20 different types of wild quail found around the world and around 70 domestic breeds. Domestic quail behave very similarly to wild quail, although they seem to have lost some, or all, of their migratory instincts.

The natural life of quail

Quail can be found living in grassy fields, cropland, and meadow habitats. Wild Japanese quail live in East Asia, Russia and parts of Africa, and some populations migrate. They feed mainly on grass seeds, but also eat small insects. Quail live on the ground: foraging, nesting and sleeping in the grass. They dust-bathe regularly to clean their feathers.

When in danger, quail fly up rapidly to avoid a predator but drop back into the grass a few dozen yards away. However, their first reaction to danger is usually to hide in the vegetation. Their elusive lifestyle means they are more often heard than seen; in fact, they have quite distinctive calls.

In the winter, quail usually live in large groups but in the breeding season, during warmer months, many quail will be found living in breeding pairs. Hens lay their eggs on the ground in simple nests made out of dry grass.

Quail farming today

Quail (2)

An estimated 1.4 billion quail are farmed annually for their meat and eggs. The majority of quail are farmed in China, with over 80% produced there. The European Union produces over 100 million quail, but the industry is largely unregulated and there are no official published statistics on this.

Quail reared for meat are slaughtered by around 5 weeks old. Egg laying quail hens start laying at around 7 weeks old and will be slaughtered at around 8 months old. The vast majority of quail are farmed intensively in battery cages or overcrowded barns.

Find out more about the welfare of farmed quail.

Quail (2024)

FAQs

What are 4 facts about quail? ›

Quail spend most of their lives in a relatively small area, with groups of 8 to 25 birds common in a single covey. Flight speed of most quail is 30 to 40 mph. Quail generally forage twice a day, in early morning and mid-to-late afternoon. Quail eat a wide variety of foods including insects, seeds, leaves, and berries.

Is keeping 2 quail OK? ›

Breeding groups of quail should be made up of one species only, usually one male and two females in each aviary. Having too many males in a cage will cause fighting and unsuccessful mating. Many quail will lay throughout the year if conditions are suitable but the normal cycle is from spring to autumn.

Is quail worth it? ›

A quail in its first year will lay almost every day. And you won't have to wait long. Unlike chickens, which take about 5 months to start laying, quail only take 6 weeks. Sure, it takes 5 quail eggs to equal one chicken egg, but if you want fresh eggs and can't have chickens, quail eggs are a great alternative.

What is a good number of quail to raise? ›

And super easy to interact with them, keep them safe, and collect those delicious eggs! This is also a great size if you ever plan on breeding your quail, because you should have about 4 females per male to ensure you are getting great fertility. 5 is a perfect number for a beginner quail-keeper to start with.

Can quail lay 2 eggs a day? ›

How many eggs do quail lay in a day? At peak production, quail hens will lay about one egg per day. Depending on environment, breed, and health, quail lay between 200-300 eggs per year.

What is the lifespan of a quail? ›

Small twigs, grass stems, leaves and feathers line the nest. Average life expectancy for a wild quail is 1.5 years although on occasion they may live for up to four years. Mature birds average eleven inches long and weigh from 5.1 to 6.5 ounces (160 to 200 grams.)

What food do quails eat? ›

What do Quail Eat? Quail are considered omnivores – this means they will eat plant-based food, such as seeds and leafy, green vegetation, as well as animal-based food, such as insects.

Are quails hard to maintain? ›

Quails make great pets and are quite easy to care for.

It is very unusual for them to perch. They enjoy hiding, sand/dust baths and foraging for food.

Are quail expensive to keep? ›

The cost of raising quail for meat can vary depending on a number of factors, including the cost of feed, housing, and other supplies. We tracked all of our quail raising supply expenses starting out and they came to about $1000. Granted, we didn't go cheap on things like the incubator.

How much is a full grown quail worth? ›

The innerwebs say quail can sell for $15 per processed bird. That's a potential $210 value in meat from that two year cycle, only growing out what we need to maximize our egg production and keep our own breeding stock going. Selling them live, well I know a guy who gets $8/bird….

How often do quail lay eggs? ›

The popular Coturnix quail can lay one egg daily between two and eight months. They're most fertile and productive at that time, with the potential to produce 300 eggs a year. However, after two years and beyond, their fertility will start to decline as they age, but they can still produce 200 or more eggs annually.

Can you let quail free range? ›

But a bonus is that if you decide to keep your quail on the ground, they sometimes go broody and will try to hatch eggs, which is a lot of fun to watch. One final reminder: these birds are nomadic in the wild and will camp out just about anywhere, so free-ranging is not an option.

Can quails live with chickens? ›

Quail are the one exception as they should not be housed with chickens. We'll go into detail on how each of these impacts care for specific birds, but the here are the core components to consider when housing different poultry species together in the same coop: Roosting bar height. Nesting needs.

Are quail in high demand? ›

Raising Quail Presents An Income Opportunity. There are a few great options for making money when it comes to raising quail. I have found there is a high demand and relatively low supply of quail eggs for hatching for those who want to start raising quail.

What is special about a quail? ›

Quail are a small bird which are becoming more and more popular as an option for a backyard flock. They produce delicious and nutritious eggs as well as tasty meat. Their small size, quiet nature, and adaptability makes them ideal for almost any environment.

How big is a quail's brain? ›

The mean head weight was 38.7±2.74g, while the rima oris length, distance between medial canthi, and the height of the philtrum were 48.9±7.59 mm, 14.1±0.49 mm, 8.67±0.48 mm respectively. The brain weight and length of brain were 3.22±0.50 g and 2.79±0.18 cm respectively.

Are quails warm or cold blooded? ›

The chicken and quail are both warm-blooded vertebrates which develop similarly to humans.

How long do quail live? ›

Small twigs, grass stems, leaves and feathers line the nest. Average life expectancy for a wild quail is 1.5 years although on occasion they may live for up to four years. Mature birds average eleven inches long and weigh from 5.1 to 6.5 ounces (160 to 200 grams.)

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